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The Big Bang The Amazing Big Bang theory is prevailing theory of the early development of the Universe. It is an effort to explain what happened at the very beginning of our universe. Discoveries in astronomy and physics have shown beyond a reasonable doubt that our universe did in fact have a beginning. Prior to that moment there was nothing; during and after that moment there was something: our universe. The big bang theory is an effort to explain what happened during and after that moment. Based on the standard theory, our universe sprang into existence as "singularity" around 13.7 billion years ago. Zones of infinite density are called “singularities”. Our universe is thought to have b...

INTRODUCTION String theory is a developing theory in particle physics which attempts to reconcile quantum mechanics and general relativity . String Theory , sometimes called the Theory of Everything, is thought by some to be the unifying field theory Einstein sought before his death. String theory is the first mathematically sound theory that reconciles the world of the infinitesimally small, with the world we know at large. It unites Einstein’s Theory of Relativity with quantum physics and offers a potential explanation for the Big Bang. What's string theory? String theory posits that the electrons and quarks within an atom are not 0-dimensional objects, but rather 1-dimensional oscillating lines ("strings"), possessing only the dimension of length, but not height or width. The theory poses that these strings can vibrate, thus giving the observed particles their flavor , charge , mass and spin. History of String Theory Gabriele Veneziano, a research fello...

GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY INTRODUCTION Relativity theory was first studied by Albert Einstein. The general theory of relativity was published in 1915. It is the current description of gravitation in modern physics. It unifies special theory of relativity and Newton’s law of gravitation. It describes gravity as a geometrical property of space and time or space - time. The speed of light in a vacuum is constant and an absolute physical boundary for motion. This does not have much effect on person’s day to day life since we travel much lower speed than light. For objects traveling near light speed, however, the theory of relativity states that objects will move slower and shorten in length from the point of view of an observer on Earth. Einstein also derived the famous equation, E = mc2, which reveals the equivalence of mass and energy. THEORY OF RELATIVITY Theory of relativity is of two types. Special Theory of Relativity and General Theory of Relativity. Special Theory of Relativity...

The Special Theory Of Relativity: An attempt to explain E=MC 2 -H.S.Varun “Put your hand on a hot stove for one minute, and it seems like an hour. Sit with a pretty girl for an hour, and it seems like a minute. That’s relativity. “ Albert Einstein. INTRODUCTION : Einstein’s theory of relativity has caught the imagination of the average man more than any other physics theory in history. Yet the theory of relativity unlike many other results of physics is not easily understood by the average man. We can understand the relativity theory fully only by the means of mathematical formulas which make it up. I am here trying to explain the relativity without a lot of mathematics. Without mathematics, we can only state some of its basic ideas and quote, but not prove, some of its conclusions. I have tried my level best to make this article error free and any mistake from my side is regretted. This article is just a basic attempt to explain Einstein’s Relativity in simple la...

String theory is a in particle physics which attempts to reconcile quantum mechanics and general relativity. String theory posits that the electrons and quarks within an atom are not 0-dimensional objects, but rather 1-dimensional oscillating lines ("strings"), possessing only the dimension of length, but not height or width. The theory poses that these strings can vibrate, thus giving the observed particles their flavor , charge , mass and spin . The earliest string model, the bosonic string , incorporated only bosons , although this view evolved to the superstring theory , which posits that a connection (a "supersymmetry") exists between bosons and fermions , two fundamentally different types of particles. String theories also require the existence of several extra, unobservable, dimensions to the universe, in addition to the usual three spatial dimensions (height, width, and length) and the fourth dimension of time. M theory , for example, requires that ...